Green sand, black sand, white sand — Kohala Coast vs Hilo side, water quality, and the Big Island’s best swimming beaches
The Big Island of Hawaiʻi is the youngest and largest island in the chain — and it has the most geologically diverse beaches on Earth. You can walk on jet-black volcanic sand, rare olive-green olivine sand, and pristine white coral sand all on the same island. The west side (Kohala Coast) is sunny, dry, and has Hawaii’s best swimming beaches. The east side (Hilo) is lush and wet with fewer but unique swimming spots.
Water quality varies dramatically by location. The dry Kohala Coast has generally excellent water quality. The wetter Hilo side has more runoff risk. This guide covers the key beaches on both sides.
Consistently ranked among Hawaii’s best beaches. Half-mile of wide white sand, calm summer conditions, lifeguards, facilities. Water quality is historically excellent with open ocean exposure and no significant development runoff. Can have strong shore break in winter. Paid parking; arrive early in summer.
Often cited as one of the most beautiful beaches in Hawaii. Fronts the Mauna Kea Beach Hotel. Public beach access is required by Hawaii law — limited public parking spaces are available (call the hotel). Calm, clear water with good snorkeling at the rocky edges.
A-Bay at the Waikoloa resort area is calm, sheltered, and family-friendly. Good water quality, easy access, snorkel gear rentals nearby. Sea turtles frequent the bay. One of the more accessible Kohala Coast beaches with ample parking.
A stunning pocket beach with bright white sand and crystal-clear water. Very popular. Can have a powerful shorebreak on swell days — exercise caution. No facilities except portable restrooms. Part of Kekaha Kai State Park.
One of only four green sand beaches in the world, formed from olivine crystals eroded from a nearby cinder cone. Near South Point (Ka Lae), the southernmost point in the U.S. Requires a 2.5-mile hike or rough vehicle ride over private land. Strong currents and no lifeguards make swimming inadvisable for most visitors. Come for the geology, not the swim.
Jet-black volcanic sand beach where green sea turtles (honu) regularly haul out to bask. Spectacular to visit. Swimming conditions are often rough with strong shore surge. More of a viewing destination than a swim beach. Never touch or approach the turtles — federal law, minimum 10-foot distance required.
The Hilo side is dramatically different from the Kohala Coast. Lush, tropical, and frequently rainy — Hilo receives over 130 inches of rain per year. Beaches are smaller and fewer. Water quality is more variable due to agricultural runoff from sugar cane and macadamia operations, residential drainage, and frequent rainfall.
After heavy rain on the Hilo side, wait at least 72 hours before swimming. Agricultural and residential runoff regularly elevates bacteria counts. Check DOH advisories and assess water color before entering.
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⚠️ Important Disclaimer
Safe to Swim Hawaii is an independent passion project not affiliated with the Hawaii Department of Health or any government agency. Water quality information is based on historical data and general analysis. Always verify current conditions before entering the water.
Check current Big Island advisories at the Hawaii DOH Clean Water Branch.
When in doubt, don’t go out. 🤙