Risk by beach, prevention tips, and what to do if you see a shark
Shark incidents in Hawaiʻi are rare but real. With millions of people entering Hawaiian waters each year, your actual statistical risk is extremely low — but understanding shark behavior and the simple precautions you can take will further reduce that risk. This guide covers everything you need to know.
Disclaimer: This guide is for educational purposes only. Always follow official DLNR warnings and beach signage. The information here does not replace official government guidance.
Maui has historically had the most reported shark incidents in Hawaiʻi. The west and south shores (Olowalu, Ukumehame, Makena) have seen the most activity. Tiger sharks are the primary species involved. The state has responded with Shark Monitoring Network buoys and warning signage. Higher turtle populations in these areas may attract tiger sharks.
The Big Island's east coast (Hilo side, Puna) has seen incidents, particularly near river mouths and in murky water from volcanic activity. The Kohala Coast (west side) has an excellent safety record. Kona waters are generally low-risk for shark encounters.
Kauaʻi's north shore has seen incidents, with some occurring in remote areas. The Na Pali Coast and Polihale area should be treated with caution. South Shore beaches like Poʻipū are generally low risk. Kauaʻi has fewer incidents overall than Maui.
Oʻahu has surprisingly few incidents given the enormous number of ocean users. Waikiki is among the lowest-risk swimming areas in all of Hawaiʻi for shark encounters. The North Shore sees occasional incidents during winter. Kaʻena Point (far west tip) is a known shark area and should be avoided.
Thrashing and splashing mimics distressed prey. Controlled, steady movement is much less likely to trigger an attack response.
Face the shark and keep it in sight. Sharks are less likely to attack prey that can see them coming. Don't turn your back.
Use smooth, steady swim strokes. Don't make sudden movements. Face the shark while backing toward safety when possible.
If a shark makes contact, fight back aggressively. Target the eyes and gills — sensitive areas. Do not "play dead." Most bites are single investigatory bites — immediate exit from the water is critical.
Report any shark sighting to lifeguards immediately. The DLNR tracks sightings statewide. Your report could protect other swimmers.
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Safe to Swim Hawaii is an independent passion project — not affiliated with any government agency. This guide is for educational purposes only and does not replace official DLNR or DOH guidance. Always follow posted beach warnings.
When in doubt, don't go out. 🤙